Furnace.



PATENTED NOV. 8, 1904.

A. C. GALKINS.

FURNAGE.

APPLICATION FILED DB0. 1902.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

N0 MODEL.

III

No. 774,232. PATENTED NOV. 8, 1904.

A. C. C ALKINS.

FURNAGE.

APPLICATION FILED DEG. 8. 1902.

N0 MODEL. ZSHBETS-SHEBT 2.

Patented November 8, 1904.

PATENT OEEICE.

ALBERT O. OALKINS, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 774,232, dated November8, 1904. Application led December 8, 1902. Serial No. 134,409. (Nomodel.)

T0 @ZZ wil/0711J it may con/cern,.-

Be it known that I, ALBERT O. OALKINs, a citizen of the United States,residing' at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State ofCalifornia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inFurnaces; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, andexact description 0f the invention, such as will enable others skilledin the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to furnaces, and particularly to that class offurnaces known as assayers furnaces; and some of the objects of theinvention are to provide a furnace of this character which willbe simpleand cheap in construction, while being eiiicient for the purposedesigned.

Another object of the invention is to provide a furnace wherein liquidfuel can be employed and wherein is combined in one structure acrucible-chamber anda muifle and wherein the heating medium utilized forheating and reducing the material in the Crucible may be furtherutilized for heating the muffle.

A further object of the invention is to provide a furnace which is soconstructed that the heating medium is introduced thereinto tangentiallyand impinges upon the walls of the furnace and is broken up by suchaction.

Still another object of the invention is to provide for the introductionof air into and the eduction of the same from the muflie for the purposeof oxidation.

Furthermore, an object of this invention is to provide removableportions in the walls of the furnace for the introduction or admissionof air below the mufl'le to cool the latter when overheated.

Vith these and other objects in view the invention consists,essentially, in the construction, combination, and arrangement of partssubstantially as more fully described in the following specification andas illustrated in the accompanying drawings, forming part of thisapplication, in whichh Figure 1 is a side elevational View of a furnaceconstructed in accordance with this invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinalcentral section of the same. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal central transversesection of the furnace. Fig.

entrance of air into the muffle.

4 is a sectional view similar to Fig. 2, showing the mufle-plug movedout to admit of the Fig. 5 is an end elevational view of the furnace.Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken on lines 6 6 of Fig. 2. Fig. 7 is asectional view taken on line 7 7 of Fig. 2, and Fig. 8 is a detail Viewof the bottom of the furnace.

Similar characters of reference designate corresponding parts throughoutthe several views.

Referring to the drawings, the-reference character 1 designates afurnace structure, which may be of any desired size and configurationor'formation and which may be constructed of any suitable material andmay be inclosed by a metal casing.

The furnace is preferably constructed or composed of side walls orportions 2 of any suitable material, which may be retained in positionby a metallic or other casing or sheath 4, and within said walls islocated a removable bottom 5, detachably supported by a metal or otherplate 6, secured in position by bolts or other devices 7, so that thebottom or iioor may be readily removed when it becomes necessary-toreplace or renew the bottom or fioor of the furnace by reason of thefluxes or slag having accumulated thereon, so as to impair the operationof the furnace, or when the contents of any of the crucibles should havebeen accidentally discharged thereupon.

In the side walls 2 of the furnace are preferably constructed openings8, and along the outer edge of said opening is desirably constructed asupporting ledge or shelf 9 to receive and support the removable blocksor plugs 10, which normally close said opening, as will be readilyunderstood.

The furnace is preferably constructed with an arch dome or roof l1 toreceive the muflie l2, and said dome may be provided with an outlet 13or passage for the escape of the products of combustion into the stackor chimney 14', preferably of metal and desirably secured around a bossor tubular extension l5 of the dome, and the stack may be .retained inposition by one or more tie-rods 16, Figs. l, 3, and 5 of the drawings.

The muflie 12 is preferably open at one end IOO and partially closed atthe other end, with the exception of an opening 17, which communicateswith a vertical passage or Hue 18 in the walls of the furnace, and thisHue opens into the bonnet 19, within which is formed or secured a pipeor Hue 20, preferably terminating or opening within the stack and atsome distance above the Hue 18, substantially as illustrated in Figs. 2and 4 of the drawings.

A supporting ledge or shelf 21 is desirably secured upon one end of thefurnace, Fig. 5, and a segmental or other rim 22 is formed on orconnected with the dome 11 around the muHle-opening 23, and said ledgeor shelf is desiraloly provided with an opening or passage 24 for theadmission of air into the muf- He when the muHie-plug 25 is drawn outupon said shelf or ledge, as illustrated in Fig. 4 of the drawings.

One of the end walls of the furnace is cut away, as at 26, Figs. 2, 3,and 4, to receive an ignition device 27, which may be of any preferredconstruction that is adapted to burn liquid fuel, and by reason of theopening 26 being formed at one side of the furnace, as shown mostclearly in Fig. 6 of the drawings, the heating medium is directedagainst the walls of the furnace and is caused to follow the wallsaround and to impinge thereon by reason of the tangential injection ofthe heating medium, as indicated by arrows in Fig. 6 of the. drawings.By means of this construction and operation the heating medium isdirected against the wall of the furnace instead of directly upon oragainst the pots or crucibles, thereby preventing injury to the latterthat is occasioned by directing` the heating medium against theCrucible, while the heating medium in this construction is caused toencircle and pass around the Crucible, thereby heating the same upon allsides. After heating the crucible the heating medium passes upwardlyfrom the crucible-chamber around the muffle in the muffle-chamber andfinally out through the'opening or outlet 13 in the dome into the stackor timber 14. The passage of the heating medium out through the stack orchimney 14 exhausts or sucks out the fumes from the muHie and Hue 18, as

well as facilitating the passage therethrough of the air admittedthrough the muflie when the muile-plug 25 is drawn away from the end ofthe mulile, as shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings.

The operation of this invention will be readily understood from theforegoing description when taken in connection with theaccompanyingdrawings and the following eX- planation thereof.

The ignition device, which is supplied with suitable connections withthe source of fuelsupply, directs the flame or heating medium into theCrucible-chamber in such a manner that the heating medium impinges uponor hugs the walls thereof and encircles the pots or crucibles therein,while not being initially directed against the crucible, and afterheating the crucibles and the walls of the cruciblechamber the heatingmedium ascends against and around the superimposed muHle, which issecured in the walls of the furnace, and from the muHle the heatingmedium passes through the outlet 13 in the dome 11 into the stack orchimney 14 by the orifice of the pipe 20, thereby exhausting or suckingout the fumes or air which have risen into said pipe from the muflle,substantially as before stated.

Then it is desired to introduce air into the muffle for oxidation orotherwise, the muHleplug is drawn out and air is admitted into themuflie through the opening 24 beneath said plug and passes through themufHe into the vertical Hue 18, thence into the pipe 20, and Hnally intothe stack or chimney, and the egress of the fume and air from the muHlemay be facilitated or increased by the cooling' thereof in the Hue 18and pipe 20.

t is not desired to confine this invention to the specific construction,combination, and arrangement of parts herein shown and described, andthe right is reserved to make all such changes in and modifications ofthe saine as come within the spirit and scope of this invention.

1. A furnace provided with a muHie-chamber and with a Hue andair-passage, a muHle in said chamber in communication with said flue anda removable plug to close the end of the muffle and said passage in oneposition and to uncover the same when withdrawn.

2. A furnace provided with a muHie-chamber and a Hue and having asupporting-ledge provided with an air-passage, a muflle in said chamberin communication with said Hue and a muffle-plug supported on said ledgeand constructed to close said muflle and opening when in a predeterminedposition.

3. A furnace provided with a muHie-chamber and a Hue, a bonnet upon thefurnace inclosing the said chamber and Hue, a pipe in communication withsaid Hue and within the bonnet, means for admitting air through themufile, the Hue and passage and for introducing a heating medium aroundthe muflle to IOO IIO

pass out through the bonnet and withdraw the air so admitted.

4. A furnace provided with a crucible-chamber, a Inutile-chamber and aHue and having an air-inlet, a muffle in the muffle-chamber incommunication with said Hue and receiving air from said inlet, a bonnetaround the Hue IO vice to close the muil-le and inlet.

6. A furnace provided with a mule-eharnber and a flue and having asupportlng-ledge provided with an air-passage, and a rnufl'leplugconstructed to close said passage.

1n testimony WhereofI have signed my naine to this specification, in thepresence of two subseribing Witnesses, at Los Angeles, in the county ofLos Angeles and State of California, this 29th day of November, 1902.

ALBERT C. CALKINS.

l/Vitnesses:

L. B. ALDERETE, HUBERT T. MoRRoW.

